http://dshowgirl.studioathome.com NC en Fri, 23 May 2008 09:29:27 GMT Fri, 23 May 2008 09:29:27 GMT studioathome.com v0.2 http://dshowgirl.studioathome.com/article-241569.html 搜索引擎优化专家们为他们的整站优化策略划分重点。那么，在搜索引擎优化过程中，哪一部份最重要？关键词的选择和排列？链接当然重要，但是链接在搜索引擎优化过程中又处于哪个位置？

一千个人眼中就有一千个哈姆雷特，这个问题，也是仁者见仁，智者见智。

成功SEO的基石：

成功搜索引擎优化的基石包括以下几个板块：

? 关键词丰富的文本：网站的大部分页面中应该包括搜索者最常用的搜索词。整个页面因该以这些关键词句为中心进行排列，并且高度突出它们。否则，此页面就无法充分转换或取得长期稳定的流量。关键词搜索和HTML标签编写都是这一板块的一部分。

? 信息/网站架构及页面排版: 搜索引擎或用户总是先找到关键词丰富的内容。通过页面上文字，图片，多媒体文件的不同排列，站长向搜索引擎及浏览者传达他认为最重要的信息。URL构成和技术结构也同属于这一板块。

? 链接: 通常我们称之为链接流行度，指的是指向某URL或网站的第三方链接的数量和质量。当然，并不是所有链接都是客观的或来自第三方的，而且此类链接也并不是最可靠的。尽管过去10年间新技术不断涌现，以上几个板块仍然是SEO的基石，不管是在视频，音频或其他多媒体搜索优化领域。现在引起争议的是，以上板块中哪个板块是重中之重。

关键词丰富的文本



因为搜索引擎优化是基于搜索词进行的优化，很多SEO专家都视文本为SEO 的核心。这是无可厚非的，因为搜索着必须在搜索栏输入文本才能得到相应文件信息。

有时候，文件并不是文本文件，可能是图片文件或多媒体文件。这时候，文件名或文件代称中必须包含搜索引擎可识别并与主题相关的文本内容。

虽然我知道基于关键词的文本文件或文本名的重要性，但我并不认为它是成功网站优化基石中最重要的部分。脱离语境的文本对于搜索者来说毫无意义。

信息架构及界面



我认为网站的信息架构及排版是SEO最重要的部分。因为我是个以客户为中心的网页制作者，有这样的观点也不足为奇。

1995年，我首次建站，深刻认识到网站的信息架构是成功网站优化的基石。而且这不仅仅对商业网站搜索引擎有效。搜索引擎只是信息检索的一部分。对信息敏锐的嗅觉和触觉也是非常重要的。这方面的研究越深入，我的认知就越深刻。

如果一幢房子地基打得好，自然能住得长久。反之，顷刻间便会倒塌。网站建设也是同样的道理。 SEO 应该致力于基础建设，而不是一味地围着计算法转或欺骗搜索引擎。基础扎实了，其他装备可以随时再改。

每次分析网站的可用性，我都发现SEO过程中最费时费力的部分总是对网站的信息结构的改进。任何初学SEO的人都能在HTML标签或元标签中带上关键词。但是有多少人能创建用户易懂的网站导航及交叉链接体系？又有多少人会确定页面类型或分配最合理的交叉链接？还有多少人会区分何时可用文本文件，何时不可用？又有多少人兼顾用户及搜索引擎进行优化？这些都不是网站优化一朝一夕可以解决的问题。

另外要注意，目标用户的搜索行为往往随着网站类型（B2B网站，B2C网站，教育网站等），年龄，性别，受教育程度等的不同而不同。

尽管如此，但是一旦好的信息架构成型，网站会有更多高质量的流量，网站推广同时还能节约成本。基础扎实后，网站Web版的修改就轻松得多了。

链接



有时候，网站推广会因为高链接流行度而带来高质量的流量。事实上，对于无法对页面直接进行修改的网站（如Flash站点），添加链接就是最主要的SEO手段。

关于这一点，我了解有许多黑帽SEO在做链接， 不过他们做的都是低质量的垃圾链接。站长们总是认为自己的站是最棒的，所以就落入了黑帽SEO的陷阱中，因为他们承诺：“不用对站点做任何改动就可以马上提高你的链接流行度”

网站可用性和链接流行度是相辅相成的。人们愿意与那些提供有用信息的网站建立链接。同时，如果网站推广拥有好的信息架构，内容便于浏览，那么站长就拥有了能够一石二鸟的武器：便于搜索的有用的个性化内容。

小结



我承认自己的观点不够全面。作为一个网页制作者，我自然而然地把信息架构及排版看成是成功SEO最重要的因素。内容编辑者可能会认为文本时最重要的，而黑帽SEO们会认为链接才是一切。

或许这三部分时一样的，没有谁比谁更重要。你认为呢？哪个才是最重要的？












]]> Fri, 23 May 2008 09:29:27 GMT http://dshowgirl.studioathome.com/article-241569.html http://dshowgirl.studioathome.com/article-241567.html SEO ranking.

The Internet has become a vital tool for collecting information. Almost everyone relies on the Internet for information. Suppose you would like to know about a particular product or service. All that you need to do is open a search engine, like Google, Yahoo or MSN, type the keyword and search for the information. Then you get a list of websites that can provide relevant information.

For a person keen to start an online business, having a website without search engine optimization is as good as not having one at all. A good SEO ranking google左侧排名ensures that your website is listed at the top by search engines. Many beginners often ignore search engine optimization, considering it to be a complicated task. They should put a little time and effort into learning some simple SEO techniques. Properly planned optimization can prove to be a great blessing on your site. If making some small changes to your website can drive huge traffic, they are worth making.

There are a number of SEOconsultants promising to help you achieve a high ranking. While it's true that there are a number of reputable firms that offer true services, there are also a number of scam companies. Beware of such companies. Before you seek the advice of an SEO consultant, here are a few steps you can try out yourself to get recognition from search engines. Search engine optimization involves two steps, namely on-page and off-page SEO.



On-Page Search Engine Optimization



The title, content, headers and images of a website are considered on-page objects. Organizing these on-page objects to increase the search engine ranking google左侧排名 of a website is called on-page optimization.

The title of your website often makes the first impression. The website title appears on the colored bar at the top of the web page. Make the title attractive and impressive. Choose a good keyword that best describes your website. Similarly, give good keyword rich titles for the sub-pages linked within your website. Website content is the major thing you must concentrate on in order to get a good search engine ranking. Keep the relevant content that best portrays your website and its purpose. google排名Search engines have automated crawler programs called spiders or bots (or sometimes even spiderbots), which crawl through the content of the website and search for keywords entered by the user. So make the content of your website keyword rich.

This doesn’t necessarily mean that you can just jumble the keywords wherever possible. Make the content fluent with proper keyword usage. Unnecessary and excess usage of keywords can make a search engine google左侧排名devalue your site or completely ban it from its index. Keep updating the content of your website so that every time a particular visitor visits your site, he or she can find the updated content. This makes the visitor keep visiting.

Using duplicate content reduces the chances of your website being crawled. So avoid using duplicate content. Also check that the content of your website is grammatically correct. Remember, there is a lot of difference in spelling between American and British English. Use the grammar of your target market. Always keep your text in HTML format rather than using graphics to convey text. This is because the search engines google左侧排名do not give much attention to graphics.

Meta tags can also be used to boost the search engine rankings, but not to a great extent. Moreover, meta tags are now rarely used to check the relevancy of a website. Adding them, however, will do no harm to your website.

Make your website look pleasant and appealing to the visitors. Add suitable designs and light graphics to make it beautiful. This entices people to give your site a second visit. It’s a natural human tendency to give a second look to things that please the eyes.

Check that all pages of the website are properly linked and have proper content. This helps the spider crawl through each page.



Off-Page Search Engine Optimization



Off-Page search engine optimization deals with the establishment of incoming links to the website. This is often known as link building. Search engines give great consideration to incoming links and their popularity.

It is always wise to link to a site relevant to your own. Good quality linking, which means a link that has a high ranking, can definitely drive good traffic to the site linked to it, thereby increasing google左侧排名the page ranking of the site. To the contrary, if the site linked to your site is of poor quality, your site is at a high risk of being affected. A careful study of what sites you are linking to is essential.



Link Building Can Be Two-Way or One-Way



Two-way link building, or reciprocal link building, is a sort of link exchange. Two site owners mutually agree to place each others' links on their websites with an assurance that the links will drive traffic to their site.

One-way link building is placing your link on some other sites and offering them something in return. A simple way of building links is to submit useful articles with your link to different article directories or writing blogs. This is the best way to drive traffic to your site.

There are a number of other factors that can determine the search engine google排名 requirements of your website. One such factor is the utility of the website. What is the goal of your website? Are you selling a single product or a number of products through your website? Well, if your website is a single product website, the probability that visitors will buy the product is less. Therefore, more SEO techniques are needed. On the other hand, if your website is a multiple product website, you will require fewer SEO techniques.

The level of competition is another important factor. For example, if the product or service you are selling is a common one, you’ll have to compete with a larger group. Thus, you’ll need extensive search engine optimization google优化. But if your product is less common, the level of competition you face is less. And with minimal SEO techniques, you can achieve great success.

Keyword popularity is another SEO technique. The more popular the keyword is, the more SEO techniques you'll need to use. If the keyword for your website is less popular, there are fewer websites competing with you. Hence, with very little optimization, you can rank high.



Protecting Your Search Engine Rankings



Search engine ranking google排名is extremely important in online business and has caused a number of webmasters to use illegitimate methods to gain popularity. However, search engines have identified these techniques and such sites have been banned from the search engine index.

Sometimes, it happens that even the good websites get labeled as scams. Even after you apply all the legitimate methods of optimization, your website is still at risk of being identified as a scam. This can be avoided by taking the proper precautions. Link building of course adds to the search engine ranking google左侧排名. Top ranking can be achieved by link popularity, but you need to be careful when choosing the sites you wish to link to. You can get a good website ranking google排名 when you link to quality websites. Due to increased optimization, some sites have been exclusively designed for enhancing link popularity. Such sites are recognized by the search engines as "bad neighborhoods" and some penalties are imposed. Even though you won’t be penalized when a bad neighborhood links to you, you’ll have to pay a penalty when people see the bad link and stop visiting your site. Keep checking the active links on your website to make sure there are no links to bad neighborhoods. So how do you recognize that a particular website is a bad neighborhood? google排名 has a solution. You can download the Google toolbar. When you open a particular web page, the google优化 toolbar shows the page rank of that website on a sliding green scale. When the scale is completely grey, the site is likely to be penalized. Hence, it is best to avoid linking to such sites. When light green is shown on the scale, the site isn’t penalized. You can link to such sites, but keep checking them regularly to make sure they are not penalized. When the scale shows green, the site is of good quality and you can link to it. Another illegal way webmasters try to fool search engines google优化 is by placing hidden text. The keywords are placed in such a way that they are not visible to the human eye. That is often achieved by keeping the color of the text the same as the background. This trick is also identified by spiderbots and such sites are penalized. Also, many good sites are penalized by mistake. Suppose the text color and background color is found to be same. The site is penalized even if the text is highlighted with some other color. The best way to avoid being penalized is to keep the text color and background color different.

Webmasters also apply the method of keyword stuffing to boost the site ranking. To avoid such artificial boosting, search engines google优化have set a limit to keyword density. If the density is higher than the limit, the site is penalized. Therefore, never overuse the keywords in your site. Another way some webmasters deceive the search engines is by cloaking. Here the spider is fed a page that can boost the website ranking, while the visitor is directed to some other site. Search engines have become intelligent enough to identify such tricks. A problem arises when some sites, which are cloaked for valid reasons, are being penalized. Keep yourself away from cloaking or else your website may lose popularity. Just as you work to build traffic and increase the ranking, you also need to work to maintain your website. Only then can you soar high in online business.






]]> Fri, 23 May 2008 09:16:55 GMT http://dshowgirl.studioathome.com/article-241567.html http://dshowgirl.studioathome.com/article-241566.html 黄山旅游的风物，倒也提供了不少有用的信息，但最终把我们“嗒”到了她所工作的酒店。虽然我们有意不住这里（也半是因为价格谈不拢），但也总算领教了黄山旅店拉客的厉害——那位小姐上车以后，一路上，还有若干辆摩托车如是追之，但怎么比得上她来的干脆（候在几十公里之外）。 从这个酒店里出来，吾心稍安，想着可以去温泉住宿了。可是车到南大门口，又有人过来拦住车，声称：（1 ）汽车进大门要交20元； （2 ）上行300 米，住交警休养所，可以免交此费。结果，为了贪图省这20元，成为我们“上当”的根源。我这里的“上当”一词，不是说黄山旅游的商人违法、行骗，而是说他们用合法的手段赚走了我们的钱，还使我们没有玩好。

“上当”之一；住在离汤口镇不远的黄山南大门，而不是温泉，使我们失去了赶早登山的机票。第二天等我们坐车到达山门，已经是人山人海。

“上当”之二：既然住了他的店，在他的“推荐”之下，就参加了他的机票旅行社，这不仅使我们多花钱，而且使我们失去了活动自由， 也失去了避开大股人流的可能。来不及流连景色，死赶活赶，只是为了跟上吵吵嚷嚷的队伍，差点没把人累死、吵死。

“上当”之三：既然交了钱，参加了旅行社，就只有按着他们的线路来走。而旅行社为了图方便，带着游客，后山上，前山下，错过了千百年来文人侠士的登山路线。“迎客松”变成了“送客松”。莲花、天都两大主峰，都成了临别时的一瞥。下山时，体力已经十分不济，更兼之下起雨来，风大雨急，前山的路又陡滑，那还有功夫细看。明媚的阳光，充沛的体力，都浪费在乏味的后山上，真是可惜呀可惜。 可恶的是，机票旅行社明知这个季节黄山是“上午晴，下午雨”，还要这样安排行程，真是黑心之极。

“上当”之四：听信他们“山上住宿很贵”的话，选择了“一日游”，把人累死不说，失去了在山上感受晨昏的机会，真是让人痛心。回想在张家界、天柱山，夕观雾聚，朝迎霞飞，在黄山反而不可得了。而且，黄山可登之峰一十有二，“一日游”不过临其三，简直连走马观花都算不上。算一算机票我们在跟团和在山下多住一晚的费用（因为我们都觉得不尽兴，又在山下几个小景点如“翡翠谷”什么的玩了一天），足够在山上住一晚上的了。 “上当”之五：听信谣言，以“翡翠谷”、“九龙瀑”、“野生猴谷”补黄山之游。些许小景，那里都有，怎么能混充黄山奇绝？只能增加遗憾。

上当如此，愧复多言，但告天下同仁，别再上当。

前几天上了天涯社区后才发现计划去云南旅游的朋友实在是很多，首先佩服他们的勇气，因为大多朋友是从很远的地方－例如北京、广州等地过去的，还有就是女孩子单独出行的，像我这样的懒人往往只是心里向往不已，行动迟缓不已啊。但是对丽江之美，之纯朴早已有所耳闻，此次黄山之行如此不尽兴，顿生赶赴丽江旅游之意，只是无论对云南旅游或丽江旅游都不甚了解，还是有些顾虑，打算先上网好好查查有经验人士的建议，再安排出行计划。力求开心而去，尽兴而归。







]]> Fri, 23 May 2008 09:11:58 GMT http://dshowgirl.studioathome.com/article-241566.html http://dshowgirl.studioathome.com/article-241563.html 感觉写的不错。转载到这里，与广大同仁共享。

转载自：http://www.fane.cn/forum_view.asp?forum_id=44&view_id=21638

谈谈翻译(一)

　　从建立翻译中国网站到现在已经有两年多了。两年来风风雨雨，经历了很多事情。有的时候，真想静下来写一点东西，介绍一下翻译圈内的事情。但是大多时候却是一种“欲说还休，欲说还休，却道天凉好个秋”的感觉。

　　趁着今晚想写一些事情，不妨写出来。免得将来又不愿意再写。

　　翻译圈里什么样的人都有，什么样的翻译公司也都有，办了翻译公司网站，在这个大社区中鱼龙混杂，真可谓“林子大了，什么鸟都有”。

　　一、译员

　　我个人的习惯是把“搞翻译的人”称为“译员”。因为“翻译”这个词既是名词又是动词，且意思颇多，为了让读者更明了，于是这么称呼。

　　翻译是一个弱势行业，译员更是弱势群体。用得着译员的时候，大家把译员捧上天，每个人都对译员喜笑颜开。不用译员的时候，谁也不在乎你姓是名谁、年方几何、婚配与否。

　　撇开译员的重要性不说，先来揭开译员外表华丽的外衣。

　　“隔行如隔山”这句老话说的非常对。在外行上看来，口译译员天天陪着领导，工资又高，吃好喝好。多好的职业啊！

　　 　　其实，从我个人的体验，我做口译时从来没有吃好过。中国人喜欢在吃饭时谈生意，口译译员只有一张嘴，不可能边吃边说，只能瞅准时机夹两口菜填填肚子。记得前年在翻译中国论坛中介绍口译经验时还提到，多吃流食，多吃易嚼食物。免得需要口译时嘴里还满是食物。

　　从这一点上讲，口译译员还不如司机，我从来没有见过司机在饭桌上发过言，他们总是在那里默默地吃。真幸福。

　　如果是工地设备安装口译译员或陪同口译译员，情景可没有人们想像的那样潇洒。

　　3年前，我曾经在做过为期一周的工地设备安装口译。当时还是初春，风大，工地上土也大，穿了棉大衣还冷的厉害。每天回家之后冲澡时流下来的水都是黑的翻译公司。

　　做陪同口译时，更要跟着老外上山下河。呵呵，说的夸张了一点，但是体力不好的真跟不上。

　　当然，口译时也不全是这些糟糕的活，大部分还都不错，碰到的大部分客户也不错。不过，做口译，大脑要不停的转，两种思维，两种语言要不停地切换。真的很累，我个人而言，一般做一个半小时的口译就必须放松一下。

　　口译译员的工资高？这一点估计是外行人普遍的观点。

　　其实，即便是同传，也不像媒体中报道的每小时几百美元。（当然，据我所知，给胡主席做同传的译员能达到这个价格）翻译公司接的国际会议同传价格一天也就是5000-6000人民币（自带同传设备）。普通的会议交替传译能做到2000-3000人民币/天就算不错了。那么，这其中的费用只是客户付给翻译公司的，而翻译公司一般要扣除近一半，余下的才是口译译员的薪水。

乍一听一天几千元的费用非常不错了，其实，做同传需要两个人合作。且口译需要准备几天时间背专业词汇，了解会议背景知识。且口译的活不可能天天都做，有旺季，也有淡季。平均算下来，如果一位口译译员的工资能达到外企中层领导的薪水就算不错了。

　　再算一下口译译员多少年来学习外语投入的成本，这点收入与付出基本成正比。

　　再谈一谈笔译。

　　当今社会的笔译不再是真正的“笔”译了。一般是用计算机辅助翻译。当然，我也见过一位老兄，先用纸和笔把一本书翻译完再往电脑中敲。好像是后来快全部敲完时误操作，所有的内容全部删除了。很惨。北京翻译公司所以目前的“笔”译其实是“机”译。除会使用计算机，目前的笔译译员还要求会用网络、google、熟练word功能，以保证及时、高效地完成笔译活。

　　笔译最毁的是眼睛。天天盯着电脑屏幕，视力下降的很快。有时候为了赶急活，可能一天10几个小时都坐在电脑前，盯着屏幕。我最惨的时候是边流着眼泪边翻译。

　　天天坐在电脑前，脊椎和肩膀也最容易出毛病。一年前有位朋友告诫我不要过于卖力翻译。她说她做了一年，身体不行了。北京翻译公司于是再也不做笔译做这么凶了。我没有听她的劝告，现在的脊椎和肩膀累的出了问题。一周要去按摩一两次。 　　拿口译和笔译做比较，我个人更喜欢做口译。因为口译中出了小错误，没有人给你计较，也不碍大事。可是笔译稿件中出了问题，即便是非常小的错误，白纸黑字在那里，再过10年、20年还是问题。

　　除此之外，熬夜应该是笔译译员的家常便饭。熬夜对身体不好。现在我头上的白发一根根多了起来。

　　另外，现在的笔译价格非常低了。一方面是由于出现了网络，一家上海翻译公司可以使用全国各地的笔译译员。译员笔译费用趋向于全国统一。另一方面是由于越来越多的在校大学生加入了兼职笔译译员的队伍。在这里不是反对在校大学生作兼职挣钱，积累一些工作经验没有什么不好。怕就怕的是开上海翻译公司的人大都是不懂翻译的人，什么兼职笔译译员都敢用，他们只要是abc字母就是英语。且把新手译员和经验丰富的老译员混为一谈，一方面大量使用不过关的兼职翻译，另一方面又拼命压低有经验译员的笔译价格。于是大量可以做笔译的译员人才开始外流。参见我以前的几篇文章：《谈翻译人才的流失》系列。

　　由于口译水平比较容易判定，一般在译员一张嘴的那一刹那就可以看出该译员的水平了。但是笔译水平则不容易判定。即便是做过测试，也不能真正体现笔译译员的水平。所以在笔译译员中，弄虚作假者、混水摸鱼者大有人在。

　　有些不负责任的笔译译员甚至用金山快译翻译完，自己草草组织一下译文完事。参见另一篇文章：《有感于“庸译”》。

　　一方面，翻译公司拼命压价；另一方面，越来越多的新手翻译涌入翻译圈。这样就形成了恶性循环：北京翻译公司找不到好笔译译员，有经验的笔译人才外流。找不到好译员，从客户这一关就开始扣钱，压低翻译费用，翻译公司把给笔译译员的费用压的更低，越是这样，越找不到好译员。形成了翻译界的“怪圈”。

　　翻译公司常说的一句话：“你不做，你不知道有多少译员抢着做呢！”所以，如果到了哪一天，笔译译员的翻译费用与打字员的费用持平，请不要大惊小怪！

]]> Fri, 23 May 2008 08:56:26 GMT http://dshowgirl.studioathome.com/article-241563.html http://dshowgirl.studioathome.com/article-241562.html Fri, 23 May 2008 08:54:47 GMT http://dshowgirl.studioathome.com/article-241562.html http://dshowgirl.studioathome.com/article-241561.html Fri, 23 May 2008 08:51:32 GMT http://dshowgirl.studioathome.com/article-241561.html